Diffraction, Fourier Optics and Imaging
Chapter One
Diffraction, Fourier Optics and Imaging
1.1 INTRODUCTION
When wave fields pass through "obstacles," their behavior cannot be simply
described in terms of rays. For example, when a plane wave passes through an
aperture, some of the wave deviates from its original direction of propagation, and
the resulting wave field is different from the wave field passing initially through the
aperture, both in size and shape [Sommerfeld, 2006]. This type of phenomenon is
called diffraction.
Wave propagation involves diffraction. Diffraction occurs with all types of
waves, such as electromagnetic waves, acoustic waves, radio waves, ultrasonic
waves, acoustical waves, ocean swells, and so on. Our main concern will be
electromagnetic (EM) waves, even though the results are directly applicable to other
types of waves as well.
In the past, diffraction was considered a nuisance in conventional optical design.
This is because the resolution of an optical imaging system is determined by
diffraction. The developments of analog holography (demonstrate ... read full excerpt from Diffraction, Fourier Optics and Imaging ebook