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Calculations for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
By: Frank H. StephensonImprint: Academic Press
Format: ePub Encrypted (DRM)
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A must have for all Biotechnology Students and technicians. It walks readers through the minefield of laboratory calculations, helping to prevent the types of errors which could mean the loss of weeks of work.
Key Features:
* Topics range from basic scientific notations to complex subjects like nucleic acid chemistry and recombinant DNA technology
* Each chapter includes a brief explanation of the concept and covers necessary definitions, theory and rationale for each type of calculation
* Recent applications of the procedures and computations in clinical, academic, industrial and basic research laboratories are cited throughout the text
New to this Edition:
* Updated and increased coverage of real time PCR and the mathematics used to measure gene expression
* More sample problems in every chapter for readers to practice concepts
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| Title of eBook: Calculations for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology | |
| Release Date: 06-28-2010 | |
| Publisher: Academic Press |
This eBook download is available in the following formats:
| Parent title | Calculations for Molecular Biology... |
|---|---|
| Encrypted (DRM) | Yes |
| SKU | 9780123756916 |
| File size | 5230 |
| Security | n/a |
| Printing | Not allowed |
| Copying | Not allowed |
| Read aloud | No Sys requirements Download reader |
| Devices | Samsung Tablet, Apple Ipad & Iphone, Barnes & Noble Nook, Kobo eReader, Aluratek Libre, Iliad, Nokia, Blackberry, Hanlin |
| Note | Excellent navigation features are available via Adobe such as bookmarks and a quick access table of contents. Text search is easily accessible. An Adobe DRM-protected file is different than a pdf file in that it uses Adobe DRM (Digital Rights Management) technology, which authors and publishers use to protect their content from illegal online distribution and to set certain privileges such as restrictions on copying and printing. |
Calculations for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
Chapter One
Scientific notation and metric prefixes
* INTRODUCTION
There are some 3000000000 base pairs (bp) making up human genomic DNA within a haploid cell. If that DNA is isolated from such a cell, it will weigh approximately 0.0000000000035grams (g). To amplify a specific segment of that purified DNA using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 0.00000000001 moles (M) of each of two primers can be added to a reaction that can produce, following some 30 cycles of the PCR, over 1000000000 copies of the target gene.
On a day-to-day basis, molecular biologists work with extremes of numbers far outside the experience of conventional life. To allow them to more easily cope with calculations involving extraordinary values, two shorthand methods have been adopted that bring both enormous and infinitesimal quantities back into the realm of manageability. These methods use scientific notation and metric prefixes. They require the use of exponents and an understanding of significant digits.
1.1 SIGNIFICANT DIGITS
Certain techniques in molecular biology, as in other disciplines of science, rely on types of instrumentation capable of providing precise measurements. An indication of the level of precision is given by the number of digits expressed in the instrument's readout. The numerals of a measurement representing actual limits of precision are referred to as significant digits.
Although a zero can be as legitimate a value as the integers one through nine, significant digits are usually nonzero numerals. Without information on how a measurement was made or on the precision of the instrumen
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