The second edition of "Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century" is an ideal introduction to an important area which is as diverse and diffuse as it is interesting and important. Richard Crampton extends his coverage through the revolutions of 1989-1991 up to today, and places these revolutions in the context of each country's historical tradition. He also develops themes such as how to create a democracy and maintain a functioning market economy; the resurgence of nationalism, war and the emergence of organized crime in the fragmented ex-empire. The revised edition also contains an up-to-date bibliography and extended examination of the breakdown of stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina.